` 和 `
` 将这三大部分区分开来。 - 第一个 `
` 可以涵盖“背景与贡献”。 - 第二个 `
` 可以涵盖“玩家人数的关键作用”。 - 第三个 `
` 和 `
` 可以涵盖“技术方法框架”。 不过考虑到摘要通常较短,直接使用三大 `
` 结构可能会让标题占比较大。我可以将它们作为三个段落的起始,直接给每个关键结论加上加粗,或者将它们写成标准的小标题。为了结构清晰,用 `
` 和 `
` 明确划分。 2. 文本处理与数学公式: 这里有非常重要的一点是,规则明确要求“不得增删改内容”。原文中含有不少类 LaTeX 的数学公式,例如 `$m$`、`$T$`、`$n$`、`$2^{Ω(n)}$`、`$O(n\log n)$` 等。 作为排版工程师,如果要把这些符号转义成实体(` ` 或 `$` 等),是基于字符层面的转换。但这种转换必须严格遵循原文,不能丢失任何一个字符。如果我使用正则替换 `$` 等符号,不仅极易出错,违背“不改变内容”的原则,而且基于语义的HTML排版不要求对LaTeX预编译器的语法做转义处理。因此,最稳妥、绝对安全的策略是完全原样保留所有基于字符层面的符号和公式结构,只在宏观上添加 HTML 语义标签。 3. 段落和列表的划分: 原文可以分为三个自然段落。 - 第一段: Optimistic Hedge, a multiplicative weight update with one step of extrapolation, is one of the most natural regret-minimizing dynamics for games, and characterizing its regret has been a longstanding open question. (这句是主题句,可以使用 `` 包裹) Daskalakis, Fishelson and Golowich proved that if all $m$ players in a finite general-sum game follow Optimistic Hedge with a fixed learning rate, each player's regret is polylogarithmic in the horizon $T$. Subsequently, Ha showed that an appropriate choice of learning rate makes each player's regret bounded independently of $T$. This bound, however, is non-constructive and its dependence on the number of actions $n$ is not explicit, leaving open whether Optimistic Hedge can achieve a constant regret bound which is polynomial in the size of the game. - 第二段:开始于 “We show that the answer hinges...”。 可以使用 `
` 给出一个简短的总结标题,如 "The Role of Player Count" (但这属于增加内容吗?规则要求保留原文,如果加标题算不算增加?严格来说,增加小标题是对结构的划分,但用原文外的文字作为标题可能违背有“不得增删改内容”的要求。等等!我必须极其小心!规则说“不得增删改内容”,如果我加 "The Role of..." 作为 `
`,那它就完全是我编造的外部文字。为了绝对安全,我可以用原文原话中的关键短语作为标题,或者直接不加小标题,只用 `
` 包裹原文内容的第一句? 不对,规则说:“长文用
/
划分小节”。这允许我添加标签来划分,但标签里面的内容应当是原文的部分句子,或者是最贴切原文的提炼。连标题都必须来自原文! 让我们提取原文的句子作为小节标题: - `
Optimistic Hedge
` (原文第一句话中的词) - `
We show that the answer hinges on the number of players.
` (用原文第二段的第一句作为小标题!) - `
Temporal Approximation Framework
` - 等等,这句话原文是 "Our upper bound is based on a temporal approximation framework for the analysis of Optimistic Hedge." 这句话如果在小标题里,正文里是否还要保留? 为了严格遵守“不增删改内容”的规定,我不能使用原文原本在正文里的句子作为标题然后把它从正文里拿掉。 我应该如何正确使用 `
`?因为它们原本在现实的Web版面里往往是有标题的。但这里给的是纯文本。最保险的做法是不用自己编造标题文字,而是把较长的段落用 `
` 取该段落的第一句,然后剩下的放在 `
` 里?不,Markdown 的标题提取整句话也不太对。 换个思路,直接用 `
` 加粗原有的核心结论句子,或者干脆只用 `
`,因为这是一段相对紧凑的摘要。如果一定要用小标题,就只能把文本的某些部分用 `
` 包裹,而不是额外添加字词。 比如:
Optimistic Hedge
(取自第一句话)
, a multiplicative weight update... (这破坏了句子结构) 看来,最好不要剥离原有句子做标题,而是基于语义把重点句子用 `` 加粗。但规则说“长文用`
/
`划分小节”。我可以用 HTML 标签直接包裹某些句子,而不改变字符内容。 例如:
Background and Prior Bounds
- 不行,这不是原文。 严谨遵守:所有文字都必须来自原文。 那么我可以这样: 第一段是关于背景的,用一段 `
`。 第二段,第一句是 "We show that the answer hinges on the number of players." 可以把这句用 `
` 包裹,作为小节标题的替代:
We show that the answer hinges on the number of players.
后面接着用列表 `
- ` 列出两人和三人游戏的结论! 原文: In two-player games, there is a learning rate for which Optimistic Hedge guarantees $O(n\log n)$ regret independent of the horizon. In three-player games, however, no such bound is possible: for any learning rate up to an absolute constant and for sufficiently large horizon $T$, there is a game with $n$ actions per player in which some player's regret is $2^{Ω(n)}$, and more generally, for every $m\ge3$ we construct $m$-player games in which some player's regret is $2^{Ω(mn)}$; for learning rates above $2^{-Ω(mn)}$, that player's regret even grows linearly in $T$. 这些可以用 `
` 包裹,或是拆分成 `
- `。 第三段: 原文:Our upper bound is based on a temporal approximation framework for the analysis of Optimistic Hedge. 这句可以用 `
` 包裹!
Our upper bound is based on a temporal approximation framework for the analysis of Optimistic Hedge.
剩下的句子放在 `
` 里。 让我们仔细推敲第二段的列表化: 原文: 1. In two-player games... 2. In three-player games... 如果拆成列表: • In two-player games, there is a learning rate for which Optimistic Hedge guarantees $O(n\log n)$ regret independent of the horizon. • In three-player games, however, no such bound is possible... 这完全保留了原文文字并合理利用了 `
- ` 标签,符合“列表内容用 `
- `”的要求。 再看第一段是否需要划分: 第一句话:“Optimistic Hedge, a multiplicative weight update with one step of extrapolation, is one of the most natural regret-minimizing dynamics for games, and characterizing its regret has been a longstanding open question.” 可以用 `` 或 `
`。用 `
` 的话:
`划分小节”。我可以用 HTML 标签直接包裹某些句子,而不改变字符内容。 例如:
Background and Prior Bounds
- 不行,这不是原文。 严谨遵守:所有文字都必须来自原文。 那么我可以这样: 第一段是关于背景的,用一段 ``。 第二段,第一句是 "We show that the answer hinges on the number of players." 可以把这句用 `
` 包裹,作为小节标题的替代:
We show that the answer hinges on the number of players.
后面接着用列表 `- ` 列出两人和三人游戏的结论! 原文: In two-player games, there is a learning rate for which Optimistic Hedge guarantees $O(n\log n)$ regret independent of the horizon. In three-player games, however, no such bound is possible: for any learning rate up to an absolute constant and for sufficiently large horizon $T$, there is a game with $n$ actions per player in which some player's regret is $2^{Ω(n)}$, and more generally, for every $m\ge3$ we construct $m$-player games in which some player's regret is $2^{Ω(mn)}$; for learning rates above $2^{-Ω(mn)}$, that player's regret even grows linearly in $T$. 这些可以用 `
` 包裹,或是拆分成 `
- `。 第三段: 原文:Our upper bound is based on a temporal approximation framework for the analysis of Optimistic Hedge. 这句可以用 `
` 包裹!
Our upper bound is based on a temporal approximation framework for the analysis of Optimistic Hedge.
剩下的句子放在 `` 里。 让我们仔细推敲第二段的列表化: 原文: 1. In two-player games... 2. In three-player games... 如果拆成列表: • In two-player games, there is a learning rate for which Optimistic Hedge guarantees $O(n\log n)$ regret independent of the horizon. • In three-player games, however, no such bound is possible... 这完全保留了原文文字并合理利用了 `
- ` 标签,符合“列表内容用 `
- `”的要求。 再看第一段是否需要划分: 第一句话:“Optimistic Hedge, a multiplicative weight update with one step of extrapolation, is one of the most natural regret-minimizing dynamics for games, and characterizing its regret has been a longstanding open question.” 可以用 `` 或 `
`。用 `
` 的话:
- `”的要求。 再看第一段是否需要划分: 第一句话:“Optimistic Hedge, a multiplicative weight update with one step of extrapolation, is one of the most natural regret-minimizing dynamics for games, and characterizing its regret has been a longstanding open question.” 可以用 `` 或 `
- ` 标签,符合“列表内容用 `
- `。 第三段: 原文:Our upper bound is based on a temporal approximation framework for the analysis of Optimistic Hedge. 这句可以用 `