包裹,长文用
或
划分小节。看正文,原文是一段连续的学术论述,没有明显的小节标题,但后面有几个研究结论的分点,比如“We show...”“Using our framework...”“We construct...”“We observe...”“A long line...”这些部分,可能需要用列表或者子标题来处理。 接下来,列表内容用
- ,引用用
,代码用
,重要句子用。原文中有公式,比如$\mathcal{C}$、0-1 loss,这些需要保留原样吗?规则里说保留所有信息,不得增删改,所以公式符号应该直接放在HTML里。然后,重要句子比如核心结论,可能需要加。比如第一句“We prove a broad learning-theoretic generalization...”是核心论点,应该加粗。
然后,处理列表部分。原文中“We show...”“Using our framework...”“We construct...”“We observe...”“A long line...”这几个句子是并列的结论,所以应该用包裹每个- 。每个
- 里面的内容如果是完整的句子,直接放进去。比如第一个结论“We show the difficulty of learning $f$ using a class $\mathcal{C}$ to minimize a convex loss is tightly characterized by the maximum fidelity possible for a masking channel, which measures the least amount of noise the channel must add to hide the structure of $f$ and make it $\mathcal{C}$-indistinguishable from random noise.”需要用
- 包裹。
然后,检查是否有引用或代码。原文中没有引用或代码,所以不用处理。重要句子除了开头的核心论点,后面的结论可能也需要加粗吗?比如“We construct a universal masking channel...”这句话是重要结论,可能需要加。再看原文的结构,开头是一段,后面五个结论是列表,所以整体结构应该是一个
包裹开头,然后用
包含五个
- ,每个
- 里可能包含加粗的句子。 现在开始具体处理: 开头的第一句是核心论点,所以
We prove......random noise.”
。然后后面的“Using our framework...”是列表的第一个元素吗?不,原文的结构是: 第一段:提出核心贡献,然后说起点是观察,然后说从这个角度发展框架,然后说用这个框架得到的结论。然后后面的几个“We show...”“Using our framework...”“We construct...”“We observe...”“A long line...”是并列的结论,所以应该用
来列出这些结论。 所以正确的结构应该是:
We prove......random noise.”
- Using our framework......larger alphabets.
- We construct......2022).
- We observe......pseudoentropy.
- We present......MaxEnt algorithm from machine learning.
- A long line......convex duality.
等一下,原文中的句子顺序是: 1. We prove... 2. Our starting point... 3. From this viewpoint... 4. We show the difficulty... 5. Using our framework... 6. We construct... 7. Such channels are dual... 8. We observe... 9. We present... 10. A long line... 哦,原来我之前拆分错了。原文中,“We show the difficulty...”是第一段的延续吗?还是属于后面的列表?仔细看原文: 原文的结构是: - 第一句:提出核心证明。 - 第二句:起点是观察(等价于掩码通道)。 - 第三句:密度的类比是通道的保真度。 - 第四句:从这个视角发展框架。 - 第五句:显示学习难度的紧刻画(这是第一个结论)。 - 第六句:用框架得到多类推广(第二个结论)。 - 第七句:构造通用掩码通道(第三个结论)。 - 第八句:这些通道是对偶于omnipredictors(补充说明)。 - 第九句:观察到对称性(第四个结论)。 - 第十句:呈现伪熵的紧刻画(第五个结论)。 - 第十一句:长期研究表明学习与困难是同一硬币的两面,框架通过凸对偶给出清晰公式(第六个结论)。 所以正确的拆分应该是: 开头的四句(We prove...framework)是一段,用
包裹。然后后面的“We show...”“Using our framework...”“We construct...”“We observe...”“We present...”“A long line...”是并列的结论,用
列出。 但原文中,“We show...”和“Using our framework...”之间是连续的吗?看原文的标点: 原文中,“We show the difficulty...random noise. Using our framework, we derive...larger alphabets. We construct...2022). We observe...pseudoentropy. We present...machine learning. A long line...convex duality.” 所以这些都是独立的句子,作为并列的结论,所以应该用
包裹每个
- 。 现在重新整理:
We prove......random noise.”
- We show......random noise.
- Using our framework......larger alphabets.
- We construct......2022).
- We observe......pseudoentropy.
- We present......machine learning.
- A long line......convex duality.
等一下,原文中的“We show...”后面的内容是“We show the difficulty of learning $f$ using a class $\mathcal{C}$ to minimize a convex loss is tightly characterized by the maximum fidelity possible for a masking channel, which measures the least amount of noise the channel must add to hide the structure of $f$ and make it $\mathcal{C}$-indistinguishable from random noise.”这句话是独立的,应该作为
- 里的内容。然后“Using our framework...”是另一个
- 。 现在检查原文的所有信息是否保留:是的,每个句子都被包含了。然后,重要句子用,比如每个
- 的开头句子是核心结论,所以加。 再检查公式符号,比如$\mathcal{C}$、0-1 loss,这些在HTML里直接保留,不需要转义,因为规则说保留原文信息。 最后,确保没有/等标签,输出的是片段。 现在组合起来:
We prove a broad learning-theoretic generalization of the celebrated hardcore lemma concerning the average-case complexity of computing a Boolean function (Impagliazzo, 1995). Our starting point is the observation that the classic notion of a hardcore measure, which reweights a function's input distribution, is equivalent to an input-dependent masking channel that injects randomness into the function's output distribution until it appears fully pseudorandom. The analogue of density of the measure is the fidelity of the channel. From this viewpoint, we develop a general framework for certifying hardness that allows for non-Boolean functions $f$ and a wide range of notions of hardness besides the classic 0-1 loss, by choosing the right notion of fidelity via convex duality.
- We show the difficulty of learning $f$ using a class $\mathcal{C}$ to minimize a convex loss is tightly characterized by the maximum fidelity possible for a masking channel, which measures the least amount of noise the channel must add to hide the structure of $f$ and make it $\mathcal{C}$-indistinguishable from random noise.
- Using our framework, we derive a number of multiclass generalizations of the hardcore lemma, and reveal some unexpected subtleties in going to larger alphabets.
- We construct a universal masking channel that applies to many natural notions of hardness simultaneously.
,代码用,重要句子用。原文中有公式,比如$\mathcal{C}$、0-1 loss,这些需要保留原样吗?规则里说保留所有信息,不得增删改,所以公式符号应该直接放在HTML里。然后,重要句子比如核心结论,可能需要加。比如第一句“We prove a broad learning-theoretic generalization...”是核心论点,应该加粗。 然后,处理列表部分。原文中“We show...”“Using our framework...”“We construct...”“We observe...”“A long line...”这几个句子是并列的结论,所以应该用包裹每个
- 。每个
- 里面的内容如果是完整的句子,直接放进去。比如第一个结论“We show the difficulty of learning $f$ using a class $\mathcal{C}$ to minimize a convex loss is tightly characterized by the maximum fidelity possible for a masking channel, which measures the least amount of noise the channel must add to hide the structure of $f$ and make it $\mathcal{C}$-indistinguishable from random noise.”需要用
- 包裹。 然后,检查是否有引用或代码。原文中没有引用或代码,所以不用处理。重要句子除了开头的核心论点,后面的结论可能也需要加粗吗?比如“We construct a universal masking channel...”这句话是重要结论,可能需要加。再看原文的结构,开头是一段,后面五个结论是列表,所以整体结构应该是一个
包裹开头,然后用
包含五个
- ,每个
- 里可能包含加粗的句子。 现在开始具体处理: 开头的第一句是核心论点,所以
We prove......random noise.”
。然后后面的“Using our framework...”是列表的第一个元素吗?不,原文的结构是: 第一段:提出核心贡献,然后说起点是观察,然后说从这个角度发展框架,然后说用这个框架得到的结论。然后后面的几个“We show...”“Using our framework...”“We construct...”“We observe...”“A long line...”是并列的结论,所以应该用来列出这些结论。 所以正确的结构应该是:
We prove......random noise.”
等一下,原文中的句子顺序是: 1. We prove... 2. Our starting point... 3. From this viewpoint... 4. We show the difficulty... 5. Using our framework... 6. We construct... 7. Such channels are dual... 8. We observe... 9. We present... 10. A long line... 哦,原来我之前拆分错了。原文中,“We show the difficulty...”是第一段的延续吗?还是属于后面的列表?仔细看原文: 原文的结构是: - 第一句:提出核心证明。 - 第二句:起点是观察(等价于掩码通道)。 - 第三句:密度的类比是通道的保真度。 - 第四句:从这个视角发展框架。 - 第五句:显示学习难度的紧刻画(这是第一个结论)。 - 第六句:用框架得到多类推广(第二个结论)。 - 第七句:构造通用掩码通道(第三个结论)。 - 第八句:这些通道是对偶于omnipredictors(补充说明)。 - 第九句:观察到对称性(第四个结论)。 - 第十句:呈现伪熵的紧刻画(第五个结论)。 - 第十一句:长期研究表明学习与困难是同一硬币的两面,框架通过凸对偶给出清晰公式(第六个结论)。 所以正确的拆分应该是: 开头的四句(We prove...framework)是一段,用
- Using our framework......larger alphabets.
- We construct......2022).
- We observe......pseudoentropy.
- We present......MaxEnt algorithm from machine learning.
- A long line......convex duality.
包裹。然后后面的“We show...”“Using our framework...”“We construct...”“We observe...”“We present...”“A long line...”是并列的结论,用
列出。 但原文中,“We show...”和“Using our framework...”之间是连续的吗?看原文的标点: 原文中,“We show the difficulty...random noise. Using our framework, we derive...larger alphabets. We construct...2022). We observe...pseudoentropy. We present...machine learning. A long line...convex duality.” 所以这些都是独立的句子,作为并列的结论,所以应该用
包裹每个
- 。 现在重新整理:
We prove......random noise.”
等一下,原文中的“We show...”后面的内容是“We show the difficulty of learning $f$ using a class $\mathcal{C}$ to minimize a convex loss is tightly characterized by the maximum fidelity possible for a masking channel, which measures the least amount of noise the channel must add to hide the structure of $f$ and make it $\mathcal{C}$-indistinguishable from random noise.”这句话是独立的,应该作为
- We show......random noise.
- Using our framework......larger alphabets.
- We construct......2022).
- We observe......pseudoentropy.
- We present......machine learning.
- A long line......convex duality.
- 里的内容。然后“Using our framework...”是另一个
- 。 现在检查原文的所有信息是否保留:是的,每个句子都被包含了。然后,重要句子用,比如每个
- 的开头句子是核心结论,所以加。 再检查公式符号,比如$\mathcal{C}$、0-1 loss,这些在HTML里直接保留,不需要转义,因为规则说保留原文信息。 最后,确保没有/等标签,输出的是片段。 现在组合起来:
We prove a broad learning-theoretic generalization of the celebrated hardcore lemma concerning the average-case complexity of computing a Boolean function (Impagliazzo, 1995). Our starting point is the observation that the classic notion of a hardcore measure, which reweights a function's input distribution, is equivalent to an input-dependent masking channel that injects randomness into the function's output distribution until it appears fully pseudorandom. The analogue of density of the measure is the fidelity of the channel. From this viewpoint, we develop a general framework for certifying hardness that allows for non-Boolean functions $f$ and a wide range of notions of hardness besides the classic 0-1 loss, by choosing the right notion of fidelity via convex duality.
- We show the difficulty of learning $f$ using a class $\mathcal{C}$ to minimize a convex loss is tightly characterized by the maximum fidelity possible for a masking channel, which measures the least amount of noise the channel must add to hide the structure of $f$ and make it $\mathcal{C}$-indistinguishable from random noise.
- Using our framework, we derive a number of multiclass generalizations of the hardcore lemma, and reveal some unexpected subtleties in going to larger alphabets.
- We construct a universal masking channel that applies to many natural notions of hardness simultaneously.