Automated incident management in large-scale microservice systems relies on learning robust representations from multimodal observability data, including metrics, logs, and traces.
Although recent self-supervised frameworks enable unified modeling for anomaly detection (AD), failure triage (FT), and root cause localization (RCL), they often struggle with non-stationary temporal dynamics and heterogeneous service dependency structures.
In this paper
We propose STAR, a Spatial-Temporal Adaptive Representation learning framework that explicitly addresses these challenges through adaptive normalizations.
STAR introduces two tightly coupled mechanisms:
- Temporal Adaptive Normalization (TAN), which dynamically normalizes multivariate time series using multi-scale temporal context,
- Spatial Adaptive Normalization (SAN), which performs structure-aware normalization over service dependency graphs.
Unlike prior methods that treat normalization as static or task-agnostic, STAR formulates it as a learnable, context-conditioned transformation aligned with the intrinsic properties of microservice systems.
The resulting adaptive representations are integrated into a unified self-supervised framework, enabling end-to-end unsupervised support for AD, FT, and RCL tasks.
Experiments
Extensive experiments on two real-world microservice benchmarks demonstrate that STAR consistently outperforms all state-of-the-art baselines, yielding significant and stable improvements across all three tasks.
Our results highlight adaptive normalization as a principled and effective mechanism for robust multimodal representation learning in complex software systems.