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LOCKR: A Hidden-State Trajectory-Guided Planner for Detecting and Repairing Stable-but-Wrong Lock-In in Diffusion Language Models

arXiv自然语言 2026-09-23 09:35 6 阅读 查看原文

Diffusion language models generate text through iterative denoising, exposing intermediate trajectories before final answers are produced.

We identify a recurring reasoning failure, stable-but-wrong lock-in, where an answer stabilizes early around an incorrect value while substantial denoising remains.

Surface-level decoding signals such as confidence, entropy, margin, and answer stability are insufficient to reliably distinguish correct from erroneous lock-in.

We formulate selective reasoning repair as a lightweight test-time planning problem and propose LOCKR, a hidden-state trajectory-guided planner that decides when to allocate additional computation, expands a structured set of targeted repair branches, and selects the most promising continuation using trajectory-aware verification.

Across two diffusion language models and three mathematical reasoning benchmarks, hidden-state trajectories consistently outperform surface signals and single hidden snapshots for both wrong-lock-in detection and repair selection.

On natural evaluation distributions, LOCKR yields absolute accuracy gains of 2.21--5.37 percentage points across all five evaluated settings, with repair rates ranging from 22% to 41%.

These results establish hidden diffusion trajectories as actionable signals for selective test-time reasoning repair.